Windows Server 2003 (sometimes referred to as Win2K3) is a server operating system produced by Microsoft,
released on April 24, 2003. An updated version, Windows Server 2003 R2,
was released to manufacturing on December 6, 2005. Its successor, Windows Server 2008, was released on February 4, 2008. It is based on Windows XP, basically becoming an enhanced version of XP (Windows eXPerience)
According to Microsoft, Windows Server 2003 is more scalable and delivers better performance than its predecessor, Windows 2000.
Released on 24 April 2003,Windows Server 2003 (which carries the version number 5.2) is the
follow-up to Windows 2000 Server, incorporating compatibility and other
features from Windows XP.
Unlike Windows 2000 Server, Windows Server 2003's default installation
has none of the server components enabled, to reduce the attack surface
of new machines. Windows Server 2003 includes compatibility modes to
allow older applications to run with greater stability. It was made more
compatible with Windows NT 4.0
domain-based networking. Incorporating and upgrading a Windows NT 4.0
domain to Windows 2000 was considered difficult and time-consuming, and
generally was considered an all-or-nothing upgrade, particularly when
dealing with Active Directory.Windows Server 2003 brought in enhanced Active Directory compatibility,
and better deployment support, to ease the transition from Windows NT
4.0 to Windows Server 2003 and Windows XP Professional.
Changes to various services include those to the IIS web server, which was almost completely rewritten to improve performance and security, Distributed File System,
which now supports hosting multiple DFS roots on a single server,
Terminal Server, Active Directory, Print Server, and a number of other
areas. Windows Server 2003 was also the first operating system released
by Microsoft after the announcement of its Trustworthy Computing initiative, and as a result, contains a number of changes to security defaults and practices.
The product went through several name changes during the course of
development. When first announced in 2000, it was known by its codename,
"Whistler Server"; it was then named "Windows 2002 Server" for a brief
time in mid-2001, before being renamed "Windows .NET Server" as part of
Microsoft's effort to promote its new integrated enterprise and
development framework, Microsoft .NET.
It was later renamed to "Windows .NET Server 2003". Due to fears of
confusing the market about what ".NET" represents and responding to
criticism, Microsoft removed .NET from the name during the Release
Candidate stage in late-2002. This allowed the name .NET to exclusively apply to the .NET Framework, as previously it had appeared that .NET was just a tag for a generation of Microsoft products.
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